Initially believing it to be betel quid, a familiar and culturally embedded practice, they were drawn into a new habit that would soon become a significant part of their daily lives
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Vaping, the act of inhaling and exhaling aerosol produced by an electronic cigarette or similar vaping device, is often marketed as a safer alternative to traditional smoking
Finally, regulatory and policy contexts profoundly influence how SES shapes vaping behaviour, particularly through mechanisms such as taxation, age restrictions, product bans, and access to cessation support [41, 102,103,104,105]
We also found that whether or not they actually met diagnostic criteria for ADHD, kids prenatally exposed to cigarette smoke who had a risk variant in either their DRD4 or DAT1 gene also had more symptoms. Neuman and Todd say those children might be thought of as having sub-syndromal forms of ADHD, too mild to be diagnosed officially but probably related to both their genetic makeup and to prenatal exposure to cigarettes